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This analysis presents the costs associated with the construction and operation of a plant located in the United States for Acetylene production from coal using a typical calcium carbide process. In the process depicted, calcium oxide (lime) is reduced by carbon in an electric furnace, generating calcium carbide, which is then hydrolyzed to produce Acetylene and calcium hydroxide.
This study presents the economics of Acetylene production from naphtha using a partial combustion process. In this process, naphtha feedstock is cracked at high temperatures producing acetylene. The economic analysis developed is based on a plant constructed in Germany.
This feasibility study presents the economics of Acetylene production from natural gas using an electric arc process. In this process, a high-power electric arc furnace is employed to crack natural gas into olefinic compounds, including acetylene. The economic analysis also assumes a plant located in the United States.
This report presents the economics of Acetylene production from natural gas using a partial combustion process similar to that developed by BASF. In this process, methane from natural gas is cracked in high temperatures to acetylene and hydrogen. The economic analysis developed is based on a plant constructed in the United States.
This report presents the economics of Acrolein production from propylene in the United States, via catalytic oxidation.
This report analyses the economics of Acrylamide production from acrylonitrile via an enzymatic hydration process in the United States.
This report presents the economics of Acrylic Acid production from 3-hydroxypropionic acid (3-HP). 3-HP is submitted to a dehydration reaction to generate Glacial Acrylic Acid. The reaction is carried out in vapor phase in a reactor column. The economic analysis approaches a plant located in the United States.
This study reviews the economics of a process for Ester-Grade Acrylic Acid (EAA) production from acetylene. The process examined involves a catalytic carbonylation of acetylene to produce Acrylic Acid similar to BASF. The economic analysis performed is based on a plant constructed in the United States.
This study presents the economic analysis of Ester-Grade Acrylic Acid (EAA) production from ethylene oxide in the United States using a carbonylation process similar to Novomer process. In this process, ethylene oxide is catalytically carbonylated to beta-propiolactone intermediate, which is then converted to Acrylic Acid.
It presents the economics of Ester-Grade Acrylic Acid (EAA) production from crude glycerol in the USA using a two-step process similar to Arkema technology. In the process examined, crude glycerol, obtained from biodiesel plants, is dehydrated to acrolein, which is subsequently oxidized to Acrylic Acid.
This report presents the economics of Ester-Grade Acrylic Acid (EAA) production from natural gas in the United States. Initially, methane in the natural gas feed is cracked to acetylene which is reacted carbon monoxide generated by feed combustion, yielding Acrylic Acid.
This report presents the economics of Ester-Grade Acrylic Acid (EAA) production from propane in the United States. Initially, propane undergoes oxydehydrogenation in the presence of steam to form propylene, which is then oxidized in vapor phase to generate acrylic acid.
This report presents the economics of Ester-Grade Acrylic Acid (EAA) production from chemical grade (CG) propylene in a plant located in the United States. The process consists in a two stage vapor-phase oxidation of propylene, yieding Acrylic Acid, which is then purified to obtain the Ester-Grade product.
This report presents an economic analysis of Acrylic Acid Maleic Anhydride Copolymer production. The analysis, reflecting the economics of a United States-based plant, approaches an industrial process in that maleic anhydride is first hydrolyzed before being reacted with acrylic acid to form an Acrylic/Maleic Copolymer that is usually employed in detergents.
This report presents the economics of Nitrile Latex (NBR latex) production from acrylonitrile and butadiene using a typical cold emulsion polymerization process, based on a plant constructed in the United States. In this process, acrylonitrile and butadiene are copolymerized into low solids content NBR Latex.
This report presents an economic analysis of Acrylonitrile Graft Polyether production from acrylonitrile and glycerol-propoxylated polyether in the United States. In this case, acrylonitrile is grafted into the polyether, forming a copolymer polyol.
This study presents the economics of Acrylonitrile production via propane ammoxidation. The process is similar to the one proposed by PTT Asahi Chemical (PTTAC), consisting in the reaction of propane with ammonia, producing Acrylonitrile. Acetonitrile and hydrogen cyanide are produced as by-products. The analysis assumes a plant located in the United States,
This report approaches the economics of Acrylonitrile production from chemical grade (CG) propylene in the United States. The process reviewed is a propylene ammoxidation technology using a fixed bed reactor, in which propylene reacts with ammonia, producing Acrylonitrile, and generating acetonitrile and hydrogen cyanide as by-products.
This report presents the economics of Acrylonitrile production from chemical grade (CG) propylene in the United States. The process reviewed is a propylene ammoxidation technology using fluidized bed reactor, in which propylene reacts with ammonia, producing Acrylonitrile, and generating acetonitrile and hydrogen cyanide as by-products.
This study approaches the economics of Powdered Activated Carbon production from coal in the United States via a typical steam activation process. In the process examined, coal is carbonized into a hot coal char, which is activated by steam at high temperatures.
This study approaches an economic analysis of a typical chemical activation process for Powdered Activated Carbon production from coconut shell in the United States. Phosphoric acid is used as chemical activation reagent. Activation is carried out concomitantly with carbonization, in a rotary kiln.
This report presents the economics of a typical steam activation process for Powdered Activated Carbon production from coconut shell in the United States. In the process examined, the coconut shells are crushed and then carbonized into a charcoal, which is activated by steam at high temperatures. The Activated Carbon is ground into powder of specified mesh size.
This report presents the economics of Adipic Acid production from benzene in the United States using a two-stage oxidation process similar to Invista process. In this process, benzene is hydrogenated to cyclohexane, which is then oxidized to produce adipic acid with KA oil as intermediate.
This report presents the economics of Adipic Acid production from benzene in the United States using a two-stage oxidation process similar to Asahi Kasei process. In this process, benzene is partially hydrogenated to cyclohexene. Cyclohexene is then hydrated to produce cyclohexanol. The alcohol generated is finally oxidized to produce adipic acid.
This feasibility study assesses the production of Adipic Acid from benzene and propylene in the United States. In the process depicted, phenol is initially produced from benzene and propylene by means of alkylation, oxidation and cleavage. Then, phenol is hydrogenated to produce KA oil, which is then oxidized with nitric acid to produce Adipic Acid.
This report presents a cost analysis of Adipic Acid production from cyclohexane in the United States. The process examined is a two-stage oxidation process, in which cyclohexane is initially oxidized with air to produce KA oil (mixture of cyclohexanone and cyclohexanol), and further oxidized with nitric acid to produce Adipic Acid.
This report presents the economics of Adipic Acid production from a mixture of cyclohexanone and cyclohexanol (known as KA oil) in the United States. The process portrayed comprises the oxidation of the KA oil with nitric acid to produce Adipic Acid. A mixture of adipic, glutaric, and succinic acids is generated as by-product.
It presents the economics of Adipic Acid production from phenol in the United States using a typical hydrogenation process. In the process examined, phenol is hydrogenated to produce KA oil, which is then oxidized with nitric acid to produce Adipic Acid.
This report presents the economics of Adiponitrile production from acrylonitrile. In the process examined, acrylonitrile is passed through an electrodimerization with hydrogenation that generates adiponitrile. The economic analysis is based on a plant constructed in the United States.
This report presents the economics of Adiponitrile production from adipic acid and ammonia. In the process examined, adipic acid is reacted with ammonia in the presence of a phosphoric acid based catalyst to generate adiponitrile. The economic analysis performed assumes a plant located in the United States.
This report presents the economics of Adiponitrile production from butadiene. In the process examined, adiponitrile is generated by the two-stage hydrocyanation of butadiene. The economic analysis performed assumes a plant located in the United States.
This study also provides a techno-economic analysis about Electricity generation from natural gas in the USA. In this study, high efficiency H-class combustion turbines (CT) supplemented with heat recovery steam generators (HRSG) and steam turbines (ST) are employed to Electricity generation.
The process examined in this report is an Electricity generation plant from natural gas in the USA, using high efficiency H-class combustion turbines (CT) supplemented with heat recovery steam generators (HRSG) and steam turbines (ST), including carbon capture and sequestration (CCS) system.
This report presents the economics of Allyl Alcohol production from propylene in the United States using a process similar to Showa Denko process. Initially, propylene is reacted with acetic acid and oxygen, producing allyl acetate. The allyl acetate is then hydrolyzed, yielding allyl alcohol and regenerating acetic acid.
This report presents a techno-economic analysis of a typical chlorination process for Allyl Chloride production from chlorine and propylene considering a plant constructed in the United States.
This report presents the economics of Allyl Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) production in the United States. The analysis assumes an industrial plant that generates Allyl PEG starting from PEG and allyl chloride. In this batchwise process, methoxy polyethylene glycol ether (MPEG) reacts with allyl chloride to generate an allyl-terminated polyethylene glycol methyl ether (Allyl PEG).
It presents the economics of alpha-Cyclodextrin production from corn in the United States. Initially, corn starch is hydrolyzed to dextrin by alpha-amylase. Then, dextrin is enzimatically converted to cyclodextrins. Alpha-Cyclodextrin is recovered using an adsorption column, in a non-solvent process.
This report presents the economics of alpha-Cyclodextrin production from corn in the United States, using a solvent process. Initially, corn starch is hydrolyzed to dextrin by alpha-amylase. Then, dextrin is enzimatically converted to cyclodextrins. Added decanol forms a complex with alpha-cyclodextrin and precipitates. Finally, the complex is cleaved and alpha-cyclodextrin is obtained.
This report presents the economics of Aluminum Chloride production from aluminum metal and chlorine in the United States. In the process, chlorine gas is passed through molten aluminum, producing Anhydrous Aluminum Chloride.
This report presents the economics of a typical Aluminum Hydroxide Gel production process from aluminum sulfate and soda ash in the United States. In the process, soda ash and aluminum sulfate are dissolved in water and undergo a neutralization reaction to produce the aluminum hydroxide gel.