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This study presents the economics of Chlorine production from sodium chloride via a membrane process plant located in the United States. In the process under analysis, an aqueous solution of sodium chloride (brine) is decomposed electrolytically in a membrane cell, producing Chlorine, sodium hydroxide and hydrogen.
This study presents the economics of Chlorine production from sodium chloride via a mercury cell process. The plant is assumed to be located in the United States. In the process under analysis, an aqueous solution of sodium chloride (brine) is decomposed electrolytically in a mercury cell, producing Chlorine, sodium hydroxide and hydrogen.
This report presents the economics of Chloroprene production from acetylene and hydrogen chloride in the United States. In the process examined, acetylene is dimerized to monovinyl acetylene (MVA), which is then reacted with hydrogen chloride to generate a chloroallene intermediate. Finally the chloroallene is rearranged to Chloroprene.
This report analyses the economics of Chloroprene production from butadiene and chlorine in the United States, via a typical vapor phase butadiene chlorination process. Initially, butadiene is first chlorinated producing two isomers, 1,4-dichloro-2-butene and 3,4-dichloro-1-butene. Then, 1,4-isomers are isomerized to 3,4 isomer. This chemical is finally dehydrochlorinated in the presence of caustic soda producing chloroprene.
This report presents the economics of Chromium(III) Oxide production from sodium dichromate and sulfur in the United States, via a typical reduction process. In the process, a mixture of sodium dichromate and sulfur are burned in a furnace, producing Chromium(III) Oxide and sodium sulfate.
This report presents the economics of Citric Acid production from corn via a fermentation process. Initially, corn starch is hydrolyzed to fermentable sugars, which are bioconverted to Citric Acid via fermentation. The economic analysis is based on a plant constructed in the United States.
The report presents the economics of a novel process for the CO2 capture from the atmosphere in a two-step cycle, which involves: the direct air capture (DAC) via absorption with an alkaline solution combined with a mineralization step to permanently sequester the CO2. The process examined is similar to the DDAC-REACT technology (Distributed Direct Air Capture with Rapid Mineral Carbonation). The economic analysis is based on a United Stats-based plant.
In this report, the economic analysis concerns Concentrated Nitric Acid (99 wt%) production via two integrated units located in the United States. Initially, a typical Medium Pressure process produces weak nitric acid by ammonia oxidation and nitric oxide absorption; then nitric acid is concentrated by extractive distillation using sulfuric acid as dehydrating agent.
This study presents a feasibility analysis of Concentrated Nitric Acid (99 wt%) production from weak nitric acid (65 wt%) by extractive distillation using sulfuric acid as dehydrating agent. The economic analysis assumes a plant constructed in the United States.
This report examines the costs associated to Electricity generation from natural gas in the USA via conventional natural gas combined cycle. In this process F-class combustion turbines (CT) supplemented with heat recovery steam generators (HRSG) and steam turbines (ST) are employed to Electricity generation.
This report analyses the economics of a typical Copper(II) Sulfate production process from copper metal and sulfuric acid in the United States. Copper metal is reacted with dilute sulfuric acid and oxygen from air, yielding copper (II) sulfate,
This study concerns Isophthalic Acid production from m-xylene using a typical liquid-phase oxidation process. This report comprises m-xylene oxidation and crude Isophthalic Acid recovery, but does not include a section for Isophthalic Acid purification via hydrogenation. Crude Isophthalic Acid is the end-product of this process.
This study reviews Cumene production from benzene and refinery grade (RG) propylene in the USA. This study examines a process that involves alkylation of benzene with propylene using a solid phosphoric acid (SPA) catalyst and transalkylation of diisopropylbenzene and benzene using a zeolite catalyst.
It presents the economics of Cumene production process from benzene and refinery grade (RG) propylene in the United States. The process reviewed is an alkylation technology using an aluminum chloride (AlCl3) catalyst.
This study presents the economics of a typical Cumene production process from benzene and refinery grade (RG) propylene via alkylation using a solid phosphoric acid (SPA) catalyst. The analysis is based on a plant constructed in the United States.
This feasibility study reviews Cumene production from benzene and refinery grade (RG) propylene via an alkylation process, which is carried out using a zeolite catalyst. The economic assessment assumes a plant located in the United States.
This feasibility study reviews Cumene production from benzene and chemical grade (CG) propylene via an alkylation process, which is carried out using a zeolite catalyst. The economic assessment assumes a plant located in the United States.
This report presents the economics of Cumene production through the alkylation of benzene with polymer grade (PG) propylene over an acid catalyst. The economic assessment assumes a plant located in the United States.
This report presents the economics of Cyclododecanol production from cyclododecane. In the process under analysis, cyclododecane is oxidized with air oxygen in liquid phase, in the presence of a boric acid catalyst. The economic analysis approaches a plant located in the United States.
This report presents the economics of Cyclododecanone production from cyclododecanol. In the process examined cyclododecanol is dehydrogenated to cyclododecanone in the liquid phase, in the presence of a copper catalyst. The economic analysis is based on a plant located in the United States.
This feasibility study shows the economics of Cyclohexane production from benzene using a liquid phase hydrogenation process in the presence of a nickel-based catalyst. The economic analysis presented is based on a plant constructed in the United States.
This feasibility study shows the economics of Cyclohexane production from benzene using a vapor phase hydrogenation process in the presence of a nickel-based catalyst. The economic analysis presented is based on a plant constructed in the United States.
This report presents the economics of Cyclohexanone production from cyclohexane for a plant located in the United States. The process examined involves two main steps: (1) liquid-phase air oxidation of cyclohexane to a mixture of cyclohexanone and cyclohexanol; and (2) cyclohexanol dehydrogenation for further generation of cyclohexanone.
This report approaches the economics of producing Cyclohexanone from phenol. In the examined process, phenol undergoes a hydrogenation reaction in the liquid phase, in the presence of a palladium-based catalyst, yielding Cyclohexanone. The analysis is based on a plant located in the United States.
This report presents the economics of DCPD Unsaturated Polyester production from maleic anhydride, dicyclopentadiene, monoethylene glycol, diethylene glycol and styrene using a typical batch process in the United States. The addition reaction of maleic anhydride produces a dicyclopentadiene acid maleate that condenses with glycols to form DCPD resin.
This report concerns the production of Diammonium Phosphate (DAP formulation 18-46-0) via an integrated plant comprising: (1) sulfuric acid production from sulfur; (2) phosphoric acid production from phosphate rock; and (3) Diammonium Phosphate (DAP formulation 18-46-0) production from phosphoric acid and ammonia. The economic analysis performed is based on a plant constructed in the United States.
This study presents the economics of a plant located in the United States producing Diammonium Phosphate (DAP formulation 18-46-0) from phosphoric acid and ammonia integrated the production of phosphoric acid from phosphate rock and sulfuric acid.
This feasibility study shows the economics of Diammonium Phosphate (DAP formulation 18-46-0) production from phosphoric acid and ammonia via an ammoniation-granulation process. The reaction occurs in a sequence of pre-neutralizer, pipe-reactor and granulator. The economic analysis presented is based on a plant constructed in the United States.
This report presents the economics of a typical Dichlorvos (DDVP) production process from trimethyl phosphite and chloral in the United States.
This report presents the economics of Dicyclopentadiene (DCPD) production from a crude C5s stream, generating C5 raffinate as by-product. Initially, cyclopentadiene is dimerized to generate DCPD. The DCPD is then purified by disitillation. The economic analysis is based on the construction of a plant in the United States.
This report presents a feasibility analysis of Diesel production from carbon dioxide in the United States using a three-step process. Initially, algae are cultivated to produce lipids in a step similar to Simgae. These oils are then extracted from cells in a process similar to OriginOil Single Step Extraction. The triglycerides are catalytically hydrotreated to n-alkanes that meet diesel specifications.
This study provides a techno-economic analysis of Renewable Diesel production from algae in the United States. In this process, lipids extracted from the algal biomass are hydrotreated to Diesel.
This report analyses the economics of a Diethyl Sulfate production process from ethanol and chlorosulfonic acid in the United States. In this process, ethanol and chlorosulfonic acid are reacted at sub-zero temperatures, producing ethylsulfuric acid. This acid is then distilled under vacuum with anhydrous sodium sulfate, yielding diethyl sulfate.
This report presents the economics of a Dimethyl Carbonate (DMC) production from ethylene carbonate and methanol in the United States. In this typical transesterification process, DMC is generated in a reactive distillation and purified via extractive distillation. Monoethylene glycol is generated as by-product.
This report presents the economics of a non-phosgene process for Dimethyl Carbonate (DMC) production from methanol in the United States. This process is a typical oxidative carbonylation process. Methanol, carbon monoxide and oxygen are reacted in the presence of copper chloride catalyst to yield DMC and water.
This report presents the economics of Dimethyl Ether (DME) production from natural gas with high CO2 content in the United States. The process under analysis consists of four major steps. The first step comprises an amine treatement of natural gas for the removal of CO2. In the second step, natural gas is fed to a combined reforming process producing synthesis gas (syngas) which is, subsequently, converted into methanol. The final step consists of the catalytic dehydration of methanol to generate DME.
This report presents the economics of Dimethyl Ether (DME) production from CO2-rich natural gas in the United States. The integrated process under analysis consists of three major steps. Initially, synthesis gas (syngas) is produced from natural gas, CO2 and water via a promising reforming process that combines dry and steam reforming. Then, the syngas is converted into methanol. The final step consists of the catalytic dehydration of methanol to generate DME.
This report presents the economics of Dimethyl Ether (DME) production from natural gas in the United States. The process under analysis is a two-step process. The first step comprises the conversion of natural gas into synthesis gas (syngas) through combined reforming and subsequent formation of methanol from syngas. The second step consists of the catalytic dehydration of methanol to generate DME.
This report presents the economics of Dimethyl Ether (DME) production from methanol. The process under analysis is the conventional dehydration process, in which methanol is reacted in the presence of a catalyst, yielding DME and water. Unconverted methanol contained in the reactor effluent is recovered reused in the process. The economic analysis performed assumes a plant located in the United States.
This report presents the economics of Dimethyl Ether (DME) production from synthesis gas in the United States. The process under analysis is a two-step process. The first step comprises the conversion of natural gas into synthesis gas (syngas) through combined reforming and subsequent formation of methanol from syngas. The second step consists of the catalytic dehydration of methanol to generate DME.