Bio-Acrylic Acid Production from Glucose (Two-Step Process)
Acrylic Acid Production Costs Report | Issue F | Q4 2024
Report Details |
150 kta United States-based plant | Q4 2024 | 107 pages |
This report presents a cost analysis of a 150 kta (kilo metric ton per annum) United States-based plant. You can add a customized cost analysis, assuming another location (country), when ordering a premium edition of this report.
Report Abstract
This report presents the economics of bio-based Acrylic Acid production from glucose syrup in the United States using a fermentation process similar to Cargill process. Initially, glucose is fermented to produce 3-hydroxypropionic acid (3-HPA), which is then dehydrated to produce Acrylic Acid.
The report provides a comprehensive study of Acrylic Acid production and related Acrylic Acid production cost, covering three key aspects: a complete description of the Acrylic Acid production process examined; an in-depth analysis of the related Acrylic Acid plant capital cost (Capex); and an evaluation of the respective Acrylic Acid plant operating costs (Opex).
The Acrylic Acid production process description includes a block flow diagram (BFD), an overview of the industrial site installations, detailing both the process unit and the necessary infrastructure, process consumption figures and comprehensive process flow diagrams (PFD). The Acrylic Acid plant capital cost analysis breaks down the Capex by plant cost (i.e., ISBL, OSBL and Contingency); owner's cost; working capital; and costs incurred during industrial plant commissioning and start-up. The Acrylic Acid plant operating costs analysis covers operating expenses, including variable costs like raw materials and utilities, and fixed costs such as maintenance, labor, and depreciation.
Process Schematic

The process under analysis comprises three major sections: (1) Fermentation; (2) Separation; and (3) Purification.
Fermentation. The culture media used in the pre-fermentation and in the fed-batch fermentation are prepared by diluting the glucose syrup (carbon source) and nutrients (source of nitrogen, vitamins and minerals) in water. The main fermentation is carried out in fed-batch mode and under aerobic process conditions. The pH control is made by addition of a solution of ammonia, so as to keep the pH of the fermentation broth around 7. Due to the presence of the ammonium hydroxide, most of the 3-hydroxypropionic acid produced is neutralized to 3-hydroxypropionate, in such a way that the broth contains 3-hydroxypropionic acid mainly in its conjugate base form.
Separation. After fermentation, cell debris and other suspended solids are removed from the broth by ultrafiltration. The permeate is pumped to Evaporators, while the retentate – mostly biomass/water – is disposed. The concentrated broth is fed to an agitated vessel operating under vacuum, along with tricaprylamine (organic solvent) and dodecanol (cosolvent). The mixture is heated so that the ammonium salt of the 3-hydroxypropionic acid splits, producing ammonia and 3-HP. The liquid stream from the Salt-Splitting is then back-extracted in countercurrent contact with hot water, yielding an aqueous phase rich in 3-HP and a 3-HP-lean organic phase. The resultant aqueous solution of 3-HP is passed through a reactor column, where the 3-HP is dehydrated to acrylic acid that is fed, in turn, to an azeotropic distillation system along with toluene for water removal.
Purification. The acrylic acid solution is fed to the crude acrylic acid distillation for removal of remaining impurities, and finally submitted to a melt crystallization carried out in multitube exchangers. After operating cycles (alternating crystallizing/melting stages), glacial acrylic acid is obtained.
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Production Process Information
Process Consumptions
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Operating Cost Summary
Production Costs Datasheet
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Operating Cost Details
Plant Cost Breakdowns
Plant Capacity Assessment
Process Flow Diagrams
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Content Highlights
Plant Capital Cost Summary
Summary outlining the capital cost required for building the Acrylic Acid production plant examined
Plant Capital Cost Details
Detailing of fixed capital (ISBL, OSBL & Owner’s Cost), working capital and additional capital requirements
Plant Cost Breakdowns
Breakdown of Acrylic Acid process unit (ISBL) costs and infrastructure (OSBL) costs; plant cost breakdown per discipline
Operating Costs Summary
Summary presenting the operating variable costs and the total operating cost of the Acrylic Acid production plant studied
Operating Cost Details
Detailing of utilities costs, operating fixed costs and depreciation
Plant Capacity Assessment
Comparative analysis of capital investment and operating costs for different Acrylic Acid plant capacities
Production Process Information
Block Flow Diagram, descriptions of process unit (ISBL) and site infrastructure (OSBL)
Process Consumptions
Raw materials and utilities consumption figures, by-products credits, labor requirements
Process Diagrams
Process flow diagrams (PFD), equipment list and industrial site configuration
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